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What are the features of Nikshahri alfalfa seed:
Nikshahri alfalfa native stand is a profitable plant with a long history of cultivation in Baluchistan region, which produces fodder throughout the year. Nikshahri alfalfa needs sunny, warm and dry air with an optimal temperature of 20 to 30 degrees Celsius throughout the growing period, and its cultivation is very desirable in Iranshahr, Nikshahr and Sarbaz cities.
Unlike cold regions where alfalfa goes dormant in winter due to low temperatures, Nikshahri alfalfa continues to grow throughout four seasons and produces about 18 bales of fodder per year. For this reason, it is a valuable native mass.
With the continuation of fodder production throughout the year (about 40 tons of dry fodder per hectare and in Nikshahr and Sarbaz cities over 50 tons per hectare), in addition to the direct impact on the expansion of industrial animal husbandry, it is also very important in improving soil fertility. Considering these advantages, it is recommended to the farmers of the region to cultivate alfalfa in their crop rotation.
In provinces such as Sistan and Baluchistan, what kind of alfalfa seeds are recommended for cultivation and it is:
The native variety of Nikshahri alfalfa is suitable for planting in hot and dry areas (Iranshahr and Saravan) and hot and humid (Chabahar and Nikshahr) and it is recommended in some cold areas such as Khash, Bami variety and Yazdi.
The variety should be selected based on the climatic conditions of the desired region, and a variety such as Nikshahri alfalfa, cannot be considered suitable for all regions of Balochistan.
Recently, Omid variety has been introduced in collaboration with the Balochistan Agricultural Research Center and the Research Institute for Improvement and Seed Preparation.
When is the best time to plant Nikshahri alfalfa seeds:
The suitable planting time for Nikshahri alfalfa in suitable planting areas is from mid-March to mid-April when the risk of winter cold is removed or from early October to early November when the summer heat subsides. However, planting should be done at the end of winter in such a way that the establishment of the plant does not face problems in the face of heat.
In early autumn cultivation, we should pay attention that the plant has grown enough before the winter cold arrives.
What characteristics should the suitable soil for cultivating Nikshahri alfalfa seeds have:
Nikshahri alfalfa has good and developed rooting in clay loam or loam soil. But in sandy soils, the main root of alfalfa will be weakened and the secondary roots will also be reduced. On the other hand, clay soils are not very suitable for alfalfa planting due to the risk of siltation and cutting of secondary roots.
What points should be paid attention to for preparation of Nikshahri alfalfa seed bed:
Nikshahri alfalfa can be used for a period of 5 to 7 years and about 18 bales per year, so careful preparation of the land before planting is of particular importance.
The land leveling operation is one of the important things that may be given less attention due to the common cultivation of kerti in the region. In addition to reducing the cost of irrigation and damage caused by flooding, proper correction minimizes crown rot.
Reducing costs and increasing production due to proper leveling will compensate for the costs incurred.
What is the use of fertilizer when cultivating Nikshahri alfalfa seeds:
According to the climate of Balochistan, the lifespan of Nikshahri alfalfa reaches more than 5 years. Due to the large number of folds of Nikshahri alfalfa throughout the year, a large amount of food is removed from the soil, so it is necessary to strengthen the soil before planting. Fertilizer recommendations should always be based on soil tests.
A: Method of using manure in Nikshahri alfalfa farm:
Fully decomposed manure without weed seeds in the amount of 30 to 40 tons per hectare is recommended to be added to the soil before planting. Due to the light texture of the soil in most areas, the use of animal manure, in addition to strengthening the soil, will improve the texture of the soil, which in turn increases the production and longevity of the plant.
B: Method of using chemical fertilizers in Nikshahri alfalfa farm:
Since ammonium phosphate and potassium fertilizers should meet the needs of the alfalfa field for several years, the required amount of fertilizer should be determined based on the soil test, and ammonium phosphate and potassium fertilizers and some micronutrient fertilizers should be added to the soil before planting. Considering that this native mass does not fall asleep, the richness of the soil with potassium is very important to increase the resistance of alfalfa to winter cold. It also tolerates drought stress better. Considering that alfalfa stabilizes its required nitrogen by the bacteria in the root nodules, it is recommended not to use some nitrogen fertilizer after each cutting. It is recommended to consume only 25 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare after germination and initial growth (in order to increase the efficiency of nitrogen absorption and the lightness of the soil texture, if nitrogen fertilizer is added before planting, it may be washed away and removed from the reach of the roots) and strictly should not After the nodes are activated, use nitrogen fertilizer. Also, the importance of using sulfur is not less than ammonium phosphate and it is recommended to use it after soil test and if needed. In the second year, if there is a sign of lack of nutrients, by analyzing the leaves and soil test, the required fertilizer is determined and recommended.
